Multi-echelon inventory models aim to minimize the system-wide total cost in a multi-stage supply chain by applying a proper ordering policy to each of the stages. In a practical inventory system when backlog costs can be incurred in multiple stages, …
We consider the problem of an operator controlling a fleet of electric vehicles for use in a ride-hailing service. The operator, seeking to maximize profit, must assign vehicles to requests as they arise as well as recharge and reposition vehicles in …